Panduan Penulisan

Title (brief, describe the uniqueness of the research, not exceeding 20 words, Arial 16-point, Bold, Justified, capitalized for the first letter, leave 22 mm space for before and 6 mm for after)

First Author1,, Second Author2, and Third Author1 (Times, 10-point, arrange by first name and follow by last name, italic for the first name, separated by comma (add “and” for the last author), email of the corresponding author use footnote)

1 Department of Agribusiness, Faculty, University, Country 

2 Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty, University, Country 

(Affiliations typed in 9-point Times, leave 5.65 pt above the first author's affiliation and use superscript numerical for every different affiliation (if all authors have the same affiliation, there is no need to use numerical)

Abstract (Arial 9-point). The abstract is a mini version of a paper written in English. The author should leave 8 mm of space above the abstract and 10 mm after the abstract. The body of the abstract should be typed in normal 9-point Times in a single paragraph, immediately following the heading. The text should be set to 1 line spacing. The abstract should be centered across the page, indented 17 mm from the left and right margins, and justified. It should be at most 200 words and without keywords. The abstract should contain a clear statement of (i) a brief description of the background (maximum two sentences), (ii) the aims of the research, (iii) methods, and (iv) the main result and implication. The abstract does not contain any reference or formula.

1 Introduction 

The manuscript is written in good English. Make sure that both the grammatical and spelling of your manuscript are correct. The introduction is written without numbers and/or pointers. 

This introduction provides the rationale for this study. This section consists of (i) the nature and scope of the problem, (ii) a review of relevant literature, (iii) the significance/novelty/ contribution of this research on knowledge, and (iv) the aims of this research. If there is a hypothesis, declare it explicitly and not in an interrogative sentence. It should be written efficiently and supported by references.

2 Research method 

This section should explain how the research was conducted. It should be written clearly and completely, containing a clear description of (i) population and sampling, (ii) data measuring and collecting, and (iii) variable and data analysis. For qualitative research, please adjust this method to the scientific writing habits while considering the repeatability of the study. References to original methods/procedures must be stated, and all modifications of procedures (if any) should be explained. Symbol description of the model was suggested to be written in narration, not in point.

2.1 Subsection

2.1.1 Sub-sub section

3 Results and discussion

In the beginning, this results and discussion section presented the results. Data should be presented in Tables or Figures when feasible. There should be no duplication of data in the Table and Figure. The table should be clear, readable, and not offside of the margin. The title of Table and Figure should briefly and clearly describe. Symbols written in Tables and Figures should be given complete information, allowing the reader to interpret the experiment results. Each Figure and Table must be referred to in the narration.

The author must discuss the research findings in the rest of this results and discussion section. The discussion showed the reader the relationship among the results and put these results into previous research. Discussion should be relevant to the results, address logical explanations of the research findings, and be supported with relevant literature. The discussion should explain how the results agree or disagree with the previous study and explain the reason.

4 Conclusion and recommendation

The conclusion summarizes the principal findings. This conclusion is written briefly. The conclusion related to the introduction, aims, or hypothesis but did not repeat the discussion. Conclusion written critically, logically, and honestly based on the existing facts, and full of cautions if there is a generalization. A recommendation showed the significance of the results/findings or practical application of these findings. This section, written in paragraph form, does not use numbering or bullets.

Acknowledgment. The acknowledgments should be typed in 9-point times, without a title (if any).

References

The reference contains the list of journals, books, or other publications referred to in this manuscript. Each reference cited in the text must be listed in references and vice versa. References of the manuscript must be traceable, no less than 15, and consist of a minimum of 80% primary sources and international journals within the last ten years. The manuscript follows the E3S web of Conference or Springer Physics (number, bracket) style. The reference writing suggested using References Manager such as Mendeley, Zotero, and EndNote, as well as writing sources of references. Here is the citation style [1] [2] [3] [4], and the following is how the author presents the bibliographic.

1. J. W. Creswell, Research Design : Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 4th ed (Sage Publications, London, 2014)
2. I. Imelda, R. Hidayat, and M. Aritonang, Agrar. J. Agribus. Rural Dev. Res. 8, 46 (2022)
3. Triyono, M. Fauzan, J. Mu’awanah, and M. Sedek, E3S Web Conf. 316, 02036 (2021)
4. Food and Agriculture Organization, Fao.Org, FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture (2020)

Sample of Present the Table, Figure and Equation

Table 

Authors should use the forms shown in Table 1 in the final reference list. 

Table 1. Font styles for a reference.

Element	Style
Authors	Reference Body (Initials followed by last name)
Journal title	Reference Body (Abbreviated)
Book title, Proceedings title	Reference Body - Book/Proceedings title
Volume number	Reference Volume Bold
Page number	Reference Body
Year	Reference Body (In brackets)

Figure

Place the figure as close as possible after the point where it is first referenced in the text. If there is a large number of figures and tables, it might be necessary to place some before their text citation. Author should present as Figure 1.

Fig. 1. Caption of the Figure 1. Below the figure.

Equation

Equations should be centred and should be numbered with the number on the right-hand side.

Ts (l,t) = Tg (l,t)      (1)

Ts (l,t) = Tg (l,t) Tb (x → − β, t) = 0     (2)